Case Citation
Legal Case Name

United States v. Wong Kim Ark Case Brief

Supreme Court of the United States1898Docket #145620
169 U.S. 649 18 S. Ct. 456 42 L. Ed. 890 1898 U.S. LEXIS 1515 Constitutional Law Immigration Law International Law

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

Constitutional Law Focus
3 min read

tl;dr: A U.S.-born man of Chinese parents was denied re-entry to the U.S. The Supreme Court held that under the Fourteenth Amendment, he was a U.S. citizen by birthright and could not be excluded.

Legal Significance: This case established birthright citizenship (jus soli) as the primary rule for U.S. citizenship under the Fourteenth Amendment, affirming that children born in the U.S. to resident alien parents are citizens, regardless of their parents’ nationality or race.

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

Wong Kim Ark was born in San Francisco in 1873 to Chinese parents who were subjects of the Emperor of China. His parents were domiciled residents of the United States, engaged in business, and not employed in any diplomatic capacity. Wong Kim Ark resided in the U.S. his entire life, except for two temporary visits to China. Upon returning from his second visit in 1895, the collector of customs denied him entry, asserting he was not a U.S. citizen. The government’s position was that, despite his birth in the U.S., he was a citizen of China because his parents were Chinese subjects. It was conceded that if he were a citizen, the Chinese Exclusion Acts would not apply to him. Wong Kim Ark filed a writ of habeas corpus, challenging his detention and asserting his citizenship under the Fourteenth Amendment.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Does a child born in the United States to parents of foreign descent, who are subjects of another country but have a permanent domicile and residence in the U.S. and are not employed in a diplomatic capacity, become a citizen of the United States at birth pursuant to the Fourteenth Amendment?

Yes. A child born in the United States to alien parents who Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut a

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Legal Issue

Does a child born in the United States to parents of foreign descent, who are subjects of another country but have a permanent domicile and residence in the U.S. and are not employed in a diplomatic capacity, become a citizen of the United States at birth pursuant to the Fourteenth Amendment?

Conclusion

This landmark decision solidified the principle of birthright citizenship in the United Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation

Legal Rule

The Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause, "All persons born or naturalized in the Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo co

Legal Analysis

The Court, in an opinion by Justice Gray, conducted an exhaustive historical Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, s

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Flash Summary

  • A person born in the U.S. to foreign parents permanently domiciled
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pari

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