Case Citation
Legal Case Name

HENDERSON v. UNITED STATES Case Brief

Supreme Court of United States1996
517 U.S. 654 116 S.Ct. 1638 134 L.Ed.2d 880 Civil Procedure Federal Courts Admiralty Law Administrative Law

Why Top Law Students (And Those Aspiring to Be) Use LSD+ Briefs

Let's be real, law school is a marathon. Our exclusive Flash-to-Full case system is designed by Harvard Law School and MIT grads to match your pace: Quick summaries when you're slammed, detailed analysis when you need to go deep. Only LSD+ offers this kind of flexibility to genuinely fit your study flow.

Adaptive Case Views

Toggle between Flash, Standard, and Expanded. Get what you need, when you need it.

Exam-Ready IRAC Format

We deliver the precise structure professors look for in exam answers.

Complex Cases, Clarified

We break down dense legal reasoning into something digestible, helping you grasp core concepts.

Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
3 min read

tl;dr: The Supreme Court held that the 120-day service period in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4 supersedes the conflicting “forthwith” service requirement in the Suits in Admiralty Act, classifying the timing of service as a non-jurisdictional procedural matter.

Legal Significance: Establishes that Federal Rules of Civil Procedure governing case-processing matters, like the timing of service, supersede conflicting federal statutes under the Rules Enabling Act, even in suits against the United States involving sovereign immunity.

HENDERSON v. UNITED STATES Law School Study Guide

Use this case brief structure for your own legal analysis. Focus on the IRAC methodology to excel in law school exams and cold calls.

Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

Petitioner Lloyd Henderson, a merchant mariner, filed a personal injury suit against the United States under the Suits in Admiralty Act (SAA). The SAA contains a two-year statute of limitations for filing suit and a provision in § 742 requiring that the plaintiff “shall forthwith serve a copy of his libel” on the U.S. Attorney and the Attorney General. Henderson filed his complaint well within the limitations period. However, due to a series of administrative errors by the court clerk in providing a properly sealed summons, Henderson did not achieve personal service on the U.S. Attorney until 148 days after filing the complaint. At the time, Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(j) provided a 120-day period for service, which the district court could extend for good cause. The United States moved to dismiss the action for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction, arguing that Henderson’s failure to serve process “forthwith” violated a condition of the government’s waiver of sovereign immunity, which could not be superseded by a procedural rule. The District Court and Court of Appeals agreed, dismissing the complaint.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Does the 120-day period for service of process provided in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4 supersede the conflicting requirement in the Suits in Admiralty Act that service be made “forthwith”?

Yes. The Court held that the service timing provision of Federal Rule Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia

Master Every Case Faster

Unlock premium legal analysis that helps you quickly understand complex cases, designed by Harvard Law and MIT graduates. It's about working smarter, not just harder.

Start 14-Day Free Trial

Thousands of students are already saving time and gaining clarity. Why not you?

IRAC Legal Analysis

Premium Feature Unlock

Complete IRAC Analysis for Higher Grades

IRAC (Issue, Rule, Analysis, Conclusion) is the exact format professors want to see in your exam answers. Our exclusive Flash-to-Full briefs combine holding, analysis, and rule statements formatted to match what A+ students produce in exams. These structured briefs help reinforce the essential legal reasoning patterns expected in law school.

Legal Issue

Does the 120-day period for service of process provided in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4 supersede the conflicting requirement in the Suits in Admiralty Act that service be made “forthwith”?

Conclusion

This case solidifies the power of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut

Legal Rule

Under the Rules Enabling Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2072(b), a Federal Rule Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum

Legal Analysis

The Court's analysis centered on the Rules Enabling Act, 28 U.S.C. § Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore ma

Flash-to-Full Case Opinions

Flash Summary

  • The 120-day period for service in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt

Master Every Case Faster

Unlock premium legal analysis that helps you quickly understand complex cases, designed by Harvard Law and MIT graduates. It's about working smarter, not just harder.

Start 14-Day Free Trial

Thousands of students are already saving time and gaining clarity. Why not you?