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R. Anthony Marrese and Michael R. Treister v. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (1984) | 726 F.2d 1150
TL;DR: Doctors first sued a medical association in state court and lost. When they later sued the same association in federal court for an antitrust violation based on the same facts, the court dismissed the case, holding the prior state judgment barred the new federal claim.
Legal Significance: This case controversially expanded claim preclusion, holding that a prior state judgment can bar a subsequent federal claim under exclusive federal jurisdiction if a parallel state claim, mirroring the federal one, could have been brought in the state action.